醫學辭典裡如何詮釋靈氣呢?
這是一篇在medical-dictionary找到的相關文章
裡面詳盡且客觀的闡述靈氣這個名詞
你對它還是陌生嗎?
進來看看吧~
Definition定義
Reiki is a form of therapy that uses simple hands-on, no-touch, and visualization techniques, with the goal of improving the flow of life energy in a person. Reiki(pronounced ray-key) means "universal life energy" in Japanese, and Reiki practitionersare trained to detect and alleviate problems of energy flow on the physical, emotional,and spiritual level. Reiki touch therapy is used in much the same way to achieve similar effects that traditional massage therapy is used—to relieve stress and pain, and to improve the symptoms of various health conditions.
靈氣是一種治療方法，使用簡單的手勢，無觸摸和形象化技術，目的是改善人的生命能量的流動。 Reiki（發音為ray-key）是日語中的“萬能生命能量”，靈氣從業者被訓練來檢測和緩解身體，情感和精神層面的能量流動問題。 靈氣觸摸療法以大致相同的方式使用，以實現與傳統按摩治療相似的效果 - 緩解壓力和疼痛，以及改善各種健康狀況的症狀。
Purpose目的
Reiki claims to provide many of the same benefits as traditional massage therapy, such as reducing stress, stimulating the immune system, increasing energy, and relieving the pain and symptoms of health conditions. Practitioners have reported success in helping patients with acute and chronic illnesses, from asthma and arthritis to trauma andrecovery from surgery. Reiki is a gentle and safe technique, and has been used successfully in some hospitals. It has been found to be very calming and reassuring for those suffering from severe or fatal conditions. Reiki can been used by doctors, nurses, psychologists and other health professionals to bring touch and deeper caring into their healing practices.
Reiki可提供許多與傳統按摩治療相同的好處，如減少壓力，刺激免疫系統，增加能量，緩解疾病的疼痛和症狀。從業者已經報告成功地幫助患有急性和慢性疾病的患者，從哮喘和關節炎到外科手術的創傷和恢復。 靈氣是一種溫和安全的技術，並已成功使用在一些醫院。 已經發現，對於那些患有嚴重或致命病症的人來說，靈氣非常使人平靜和安心的。靈氣可以被醫生，護士，心理學家和其他衛生專業人員使用，為他們的醫療工作帶來更深層的照護。
Description
Origins 起源
Reiki was developed in the mid-1800s by Dr. Mikao Usui, a Japanese scholar of religion.According to the story that has been passed down among reiki teachers, Usui was a Christian who was intrigued by the idea that Christ could heal sick people by touching them with his hands. Searching for clues that would explain the secrets of healing with hands, Usui made a long pilgrimage around the world, visiting many ancient religious sects and studying ancient books. Some reiki teachers claim that Usui found clues leading back nearly 10,000 years to healing arts that originated in ancient Tibet. During his intense studies, Usui claimed he had a spiritual experience, which enabled him toheal with his own hands by becoming aware of and tapping into the universal life force.After that, he dedicated his life to helping the sick and poor. His reputation grew as he healed sick people for many years in Kyoto, Japan. Before his death, Usui passed on hishealing insights using universal life energy to Dr. Chujiru Hayashi, a close acquaintance.Hayashi, in turn, passed on the healing techniques in 1938 to Hawayo Takata, aJapanese woman from Hawaii, whom he had cured of life-threatening illness using reikimethods. Takata became a firm believer and proponent of reiki, and during the 1970s formed an initiation program for training reiki masters to preserve Usui's teachings.Before she died, she prepared her granddaughter, Phyllis Lei Furumoto, to continue the lineage. Takata had personally trained 21 practitioners before she died at the age of 80 in 1980. Along with other reiki masters authorized by Takata, Furumoto formed the reiki Alliance. A faction led by Barbara Ray, formed the American Reiki Association, which was known as Radiance Technique Association International. Today, there are over1,000 reiki masters practicing around the world, whose methods can all be traced backdirectly to Dr. Usui.
Reiki是19世紀中葉由日本宗教學者臼井甕男博士開發的。根據在靈氣老師中傳下來的故事，臼井是一個基督徒，他對基督可以用他的手接觸他們來治癒病人的方法感興趣。他為了找尋用手就可治癒別人的秘密，臼井做了一個長期的旅行，參觀了世界各地許多古老的宗教和研究古籍。一些靈氣老師聲稱臼井發現了近一萬年前的線索，起源於古代西藏的療癒技術。在這次深入的研究中，臼井聲稱他有一種精神體驗，使他能夠有意識的利用宇宙生命力，並透過自己的雙手進行治癒。之後，他致力於幫助病人和窮人。他的聲譽在日本京都多年來一直作為治療病人而增長。在他死前，臼井使用普遍的生命能量傳遞了治療洞察到Chujiru Hayashi博士，一個親密的熟人，然後，在1938年傳遞了療癒技術給高田哈瓦優，來自夏威夷的日本女人，他已經使用靈氣治癒的生活上的威脅性疾病。高田成為一個堅定的信徒和靈氣支持者，並在1970年代開始一個課程來培訓靈氣大師保存臼井的學說。她死前，她讓她的孫女，Phyllis Lei Furumoto，繼續在線。高田在1980年以80歲高齡過世前，親自培訓了21名執行師。與高田授權的其他靈氣大師，組成了靈氣同盟。由Barbara Ray領導的一個派別組成了美國靈氣協會，這被稱為國際輻射技術協會。今天，在世界各地有超過1000個靈氣大師執業，他們的方法都可以直接追溯到臼井博士。
The basic philosophy of reiki 靈氣的基本原理
The basic concept underlying reiki is that the body has an energy field that is central to its health and proper functioning, and this energy travels in certain pathways that can become blocked or weakened. This idea of energy flow in the body is also a central concept in Ayurvedic medicine and traditional Chinese medicine, including acupuncture.
Reiki practitioners believe that everyone has the potential to access the universal life energy, but that over time most people's systems become blocked and the energy becomes weakened in them. A reiki practitioner is trained to be able to detect these blockages, and practitioners will use their hands, thoughts, and own energy fields to improve the energy flow in a patient. Reiki is one of the more esoteric alternative medicalpractices, because no one is sure exactly how it works on the physiological level. Practitioners claim that it works on very subtle energy levels, or possibly works on the chakra system. The chakras are the system of seven energy centers along the middle of the body believed to be connected with the nervous and endocrine systems, as defined by yoga and Ayurvedic medicine. Reiki masters claim that healing energy can even be sent to a person from far away, noting that reiki works on the same principles that enables praying to work for some patients, although a practitioner needs advanced training to be able to send energy from afar.
According to the original principles of Usui, patients must also have a proper attitude for reiki to work most effectively. Patients must take responsibility for their own health, and must want to be healed. Furthermore, when energy is received from a reiki healer, patients must be willing to give back energy to others, and to compensate the healer in some way, as well. Finally, Usui claimed that a healing attitude was free from worry and fear, was filled with gratitude for life and for others, and placed emphasis on each person finding honest and meaningful work in their lives—all this, in order to complete the picture of overall health.
靈氣的基本概念是身體有一個能量場，是身體能健康和正常運作的中心，這種能量在某些會阻塞或衰弱的通道中傳播。這種能量流在身體中的思想也是阿育吠陀醫學和中醫，包括針灸的中心概念。
靈氣執業者認為每個人都有潛力獲得宇宙生命能量，但隨著時間的推移，大多數人的系統變得被阻塞，能量開始被削弱。訓練靈氣醫生能夠檢測這些障礙，並且從業者將使用他們的手，意念和自身的能量場來改善患者中的能量流。靈氣是更深奧的替代醫療解決方案之一，因為沒有人確切地知道它是如何在生理水平上工作。執業者聲稱它工作在非常微妙的能量水平，或可能工作在脈輪系統。脈輪是沿著身體中部的七個能量中心的系統，據信與由瑜伽和阿育吠陀醫學定義的神經和內分泌系統相連。 靈氣大師聲稱，癒合能量甚至可以遠距離來發送，指出靈氣的工作原理相同，祈禱為一些病人工作，雖然從業者需要先進的訓練，以能夠從遠方發送能量。
根據Usui的原則，患者還必須有適當的態度才能使靈氣有效地發揮作用。患者必須為自己的健康負責，並且希望得到治療。此外，當從靈氣治療師接收到能量時，患者必須願意將能量給予他人，並且以一種方式補償治療師。最後，臼井聲稱，治癒的態度沒有擔心和恐懼，充滿了對生活和其他人的感激，並強調每個人在他們的生活中尋找誠實和有意義的工作，所有這一切，以完成整體健康的圖片。
A reiki session
Reiki sessions can take various forms, but most commonly resemble typical bodywork appointments, where the receiver lies clothed on his or her back on a flat surface or massage table. A session generally lasts from an hour to an hour and a half. Reiki is a simple procedure, consisting of calm and concentrated touching, with the practitioner focusing on healing and giving energy to specific areas on the receiver's body. Practitioners place their hands over positions on the body where the organs and endocrine glands reside, and the areas that correspond to the chakra centers.Practitioners also use mental visualization to send healing energy to areas of the receiver's body that need it. In special cases or with injuries, a no-touch technique isused, where the practitioner's hands are sometimes held just above the body without touching it. Advanced practitioners rely on intuition and experience to determine whichareas of a body need the most energy healing.
靈氣療程有許多種形式，但最常見是靈氣接收者躺在一個平坦的表面或按摩桌上。療程通常持續一個小時到一個半小時。靈氣是一個簡單的程序，執業者專注在治療和給予接收者身體特定區域能量時，需平靜並集中精神的觸碰。執業者將他們的手放在身體的器官和內分泌腺及脈輪中心所在的位置。執業者還使用意念來向需要它的身體區域發送治療能量。 在特殊情況下或受傷時，執行師的手有時在沒有接觸身體，保持在身體的正上方做療癒。大師級靈氣執行師依靠直覺和經驗來確定身體的哪些部分需要最多的能量癒合。
The practitioner's hands are held flat against the receiver's body, with the fingertips touching. There can be over 20 positions on both sides of the body where the hands are placed. The positions begin at the crown of the head and move towards the feet. The receiver usually turns over once during the session. The practitioner's hands are held in each position for a usually five minutes, to allow the transfer of energy and the healing process to take place. In each position, the hands are kept stationary, unlike typical massage where the hands move, and both the giver and receiver attempt to maintain an attitude of awareness, openness, and caring.
執行師的手被平放在接受者的身體上，用指尖觸碰。在身體的兩側可以有超過20個位置。 位置從頭頂開始並朝向腳移動。 接收者通常在療程期間翻身一次。執行師的手在每個位置保持通常五分鐘，讓能量的傳遞和癒合發生。與一般的按摩不同，靈氣會在每個位置，手保持靜止，並且供給者和接收者都試圖保持開放和關懷的態度。
Reiki practitioners recommend that those receiving reiki for the first time go through a series of three to four initial treatments over the course of about a week, to allow forcleansing and the initial readjustment of energy. Reiki sessions can cost from $30-100per session. Insurance coverage is rare, and consumers should consult their individual policies as to whether or not such therapies are included.
靈氣從業人員建議那些首次接受靈氣的人在一個星期的時間內接受一連串三到四個初始療程，以允許能量的清理和初始調整。靈氣療程的費用從30美元到100美元不等。保險是罕見的，消費者應該諮詢他們的個人保險是否包括這些療法。
Self-treatment with reiki 靈氣的自我治療
Although reiki practitioners believe that formal training is necessary to learn the proper methods of energy channeling and healing, individuals can still use some of the basic positions of reiki to relieve stress and to stimulate healing on themselves or another. Thepositions can be performed anywhere and for however long they are needed. Positions generally move from the top of the body down, but positions can be used wherever there is pain or stress. Mental attitude is important during reiki; the mind should be cleared of all stressful thoughts and concentrated on compassion, love, and peace as forms of energy that are surrounding, entering, and healing the body.
儘管靈氣執行師相信對於學習能量溝通和療癒的正確方法，正式的訓練是必要的，個人仍然可以使用靈氣的一些基本位置，以減輕壓力和刺激自己或他人療癒。該位置可以在任何地方執行，也不限時間，視個人需求。該位置通常從身體的頂部向下移動，但位置可以是任何疼痛或壓力所在的地方。做靈氣時心態是很重要的;心理應該清除一切緊張的想法，並集中於將同情，愛和和平的能量用於治療身體。
The following positions are illustrated in Reiki: Energy Medicine:
以下位置在靈氣：能量療法中有圖解
- Position one: Hands are placed on the top of the head, with the wrists near the earsand the fingertips touching on the crown of the head. Eyes should be closed. Hold forfive minutes or more, until the mind feels clear and calm.
位置一：手放在頭頂，手腕靠近耳朵，指尖在頭頂相碰觸。眼睛要閉上。保持大約幾分鐘或更長時間，直到心靈感到明亮和平靜。
- Position two: Cup the hands slightly and place the palms over the closed eyes, with the fingers resting on the forehead.
位置二：把手弄成杯狀，將手掌放在閉著的眼睛上，手指放在前額上。
- Position three: Place the hands on the sides of the head, with the thumbs behind theear and the palms over the lower jaws, with the fingers covering the temples.
位置三：將手放在頭部的兩側，拇指在耳朵後面，手掌在下頜上，手指蓋住太陽穴。
- Position four: Place one hand on the back of the neck, at the base of the skull, and put the other hand on the head just above it, parallel to it.
位置四：將一隻手放在脖子的後面，在顱骨的底部，並把另一隻手放在頭上，平行於它。
- Position five: Wrap the hands around the front of the throat, and rest them there gently with the heels of the hands touching in front.
位置五：把手包在喉嚨的前面，輕輕地放著，雙手底部在喉嚨前面相碰。
- Position six: Place each hand on top of a shoulder, close to the side of neck, on top of the trapezius muscle.
位置六：在肩膀上各放一隻手，靠近頸部側面，在斜方肌的頂部。
- Position seven: Form a T-shape with the hands over the chest, with the left hand covering the heart and the right hand above it, covering the upper part of the chest.
位置七：用雙手覆蓋胸部形成T形，左手覆蓋心臟並且右手在其上方覆蓋胸的上半部。
- Position eight: The hands are placed flat against the front of the body with fingertipstouching. Hold for five minutes or so, and repeat four or five times, moving down ahand-width each time until the pelvic region is reached, which is covered with a v-shape of the hands. Then, for the final position, repeat this technique on the back,beginning as close to the shoulders as the hands can reach, and ending by forminga T-shape with the hands at the base of the spine.
位置八：手用指尖平放在身體的前部。保持5分鐘左右，並重複四或五次，每次向下移動一個手的寬度，直到到達骨盆區域，用V形的的手勢蓋住。然後，最終位置，在背部重複該技術，從手接近肩膀開始，以手能到達的地方為主，並且用手在脊椎的底部以T形的手勢結束。
Side effects 副作用
Reiki generally has no side effects, as it is a very low impact and gentle procedure.Some receivers report tingling or sensations of heat or cold during treatment. Othershave reported sadness or anxiety during treatment, which practitioners claim are buried or repressed emotions being released by the new energy flow.
一般來說靈氣沒有副作用，它的影響非常小且過程相當溫和。一些靈氣接收者回報說在治療期間感覺刺痛或熱或冷。其他人回報了在治療期間的悲傷或焦慮的情緒產生，執行師聲稱是因為深埋的壓抑情緒被新的能量流釋放所導致。
Research and general acceptance研究和普遍接受
Reiki has been used in major clinics and hospitals as part of alternative healing practice,and doctors, dentists, nurses and other health professionals have been trained to use its gentle touch techniques as part of their practice. To date, the little scientific research that has been conducted with reiki implies that its techniques bring about the relaxation response, in which stress levels decrease, and immune response increases. Reiki practitioners claim that the most important measurement of their technique is whetherthe individual feels better after treatment. They also claim that science cannot measure the subtle energy changes that they are attempting to bring about.
靈氣已被用於主要診所和醫院作為替代性療法的一部分，醫生，牙醫，護士和其他醫療專業人員已經被訓練使用溫柔的觸摸技術作為他們的治療的一部分。到目前為止，用靈氣進行的小型科學研究意味著這種療法產生了放鬆反應，使壓力水平降低，並且免疫反應增加。靈氣執行師聲稱，他們的療法的最重要的是測量到個人在治療後感覺更好。他們還聲稱科學不能測量他們試圖帶來的微妙的能量變化。
As of the early 2000s, there are differences of opinion within the mainstream medical community regarding the acceptability of reiki. On the one hand, medical professionals inCanada have proposed strategies to limit the popularity of reiki as well as several other alternative therapies by resisting the integration of these therapies with mainstream treatments and by opposing government research in complementary and alternative medicine. On the other hand, the U. S. National Center for Complementary and Alternative Medicine (NCCAM) is conducting a series of clinical trials to evaluate the efficacy of reiki. As of the summer of 2004, there are four NCCAM trials for reiki,measuring its effectiveness in treating such disorders as fibromyalgia, neuropathy,prostate cancer, and advanced AIDS.
截至21世紀初，主流醫學界對於靈氣的可接受性存在不同意見一方面，加拿大的醫學專業人士提出了策略，透過抵制這些療法與主流治療的整合以及通過反對政府在補充和替代醫學中的研究來限制靈氣和其他替代療法的普及。另一方面，美國國家輔助和替代醫學中心（NCCAM）正在進行一系列臨床試驗以評價靈氣的功效。截至2004年夏天，有四個NCCAM 靈氣的試驗，衡量其對治療纖維肌痛，神經病變，前列腺癌和晚期AIDS等疾病的有效性。
Training and certification訓練與認證
Reiki practitioners undergo a series of attunements, which are sessions with reikimasters that teach the basic methods of energy healing. Several organizations provide resources for reiki training. Reiki practitioners believe these attunements are necessary for correct technique. The masters teach each person how to activate the universal life energy in themselves before they can pass it on to others. These initiations often are held during weekend workshops. Trainees can achieve up to four levels of attunements, until they reach the level of master themselves. The certification process is not a formal one; masters approve students when they feel satisfied with their progress.
靈氣執行師經歷一系列的協調，靈氣大師會在課程中，教會能量治療的基本方法。幾個組織提供靈氣培訓的資源。靈氣執行師相信這些協調是必要的以學習正確的技術。大師教導每個人如何在他們能夠將其傳遞給他人之前自己啟動宇宙生命能量。這些啟蒙通常在周末研討會期間舉辦。學員可以達到四個級別的調整，直到他們達到大師級水平。認證過程不是正式的;只要大師們對他們的進步感到滿意時就會認可學生。
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